本发明公开了一种金属锂/镀镍碳布复合负极的制备方法，包括如下步骤：裁剪碳布，并使用丙酮、无水乙醇和去离子水反复超声清洗并干燥；浸泡于浓硝酸中进行超声处理；采用电镀法制备镀镍碳布；加热金属锂至熔融状态，随后将所述镀镍碳布直接接触熔融状态金属锂，得到金属锂/镀镍碳布复合负极。所得金属锂/镀镍碳布复合负极的对称电池能在3mA cm‑2电流密度和1mA h cm‑2充放电容量下循环超过500次且无明显电压波动和锂枝晶出现。其与钴酸锂组装成的全电池在2C倍率下循环至1000次时比容量保持率仍达75％以上，明显大于商用锂片(bare Li)与钴酸锂组装成的全电池。
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