本发明提供用于锂/钠离子电池负极的氧化锡/碳纤维复合材料及制备方法。将聚丙烯腈加到二甲基甲酰胺中，搅拌得到混合溶液；将氢氧化锡酸锌在马弗炉中进行煅烧，后将产物Zn‑Sn‑O纳米颗粒加入到混合溶液中并充分搅拌均匀；将得到的混合溶液移入到注射器中进行静电纺丝，得到Zn‑Sn‑O纳米颗粒/聚丙烯腈的复合材料；将得到的复合材料首先在空气中预煅烧，然后在惰性气体下煅烧得到Zn‑Sn‑O纳米颗粒/碳纤维复合材料；最后通过稀盐酸刻蚀，洗涤，干燥得到多孔的氧化锡/碳纤维复合材料。当用在钠离子电池中，在100mA g‑1的电流密度下，循环200次其比容量可达280mA h g‑1以上，库伦效率接近100％。
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